View source for The Geography of the Seventy Nations

:''Main article [[Seventy nations]]''

The Hebrew Calendar began when Adam Kadmon was first revealed in the original proto Afroasiatic village of repentant Humans who became the first Hebrews. They spread their visionary Hebrew religious mission among all of the Qeinite Haplogroups of the world. This page attempts to locate the Qeinite Haplogroups among which the seventy(-two?) missionary families of the Hebrew faith promoted the 7 laws. 

==Rabbinical designations==

A table of Biblical versus Rabbinical names of the seventy nations as listed in the [http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/table.jsp?table_id=325&volid=9&title=NATIONS%20AND%20LANGUAGES,%20THE%20SEVENTY: Jewish Encyclopedia].

===The Sons of Japheth (Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C)===
* [[Gomerite Nation|Gomer]] ''identified with'' Carthagena (; according to some sources, Gothia).
* [[Magogite Nation|Magog]] ''identified with'' Germania. Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-V20
* [[Madaiite Nation|Madai]] ''identified with'' Media. Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M356
* [[Yavanite Nation|Yavan]] ''identified with'' Macedonia (according to some sources, Ephesus).
* [[Tuvalite Nation|Tuval]] ''identified with'' Bithynia.
* [[Meshekhite Nation|Meshekh]] ''identified with'' Mysia.
* [[Tirasite Nation|Tiras]] ''identified with'' Thracia.

====The Sons of Gomer (Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M217)====
* [[Ashkenazite Nation|Ashkenaz]] ''identified with'' Asia (preconsuiaris).
* [[Rifathite Nation|Rifath]] ''identified with'' Adiabene.
* [[Togarmahite Nation|Togarmah]] ''identified with'' Germanicia (city in the province of Commagene).

====The Sons of Yavan====
* [[Elishahite Nation|Elishah]] ''identified with'' ?olis (in Asia Minor).
* [[Tarshishite Nation|Tarshish]] ''identified with'' Tarsus (city in Asia Minor).
* [[Kittite Nation|Kittim]] ''identified with'' Italy (southern; according to some sources, Hellas).
* [[Dodanite Nation|Dodanim]] ''identified with'' Dardania (a district in the southwestern part of Moesia).

===The Sons of Cham (Y-chromosomal Haplogroup DE)===
* [[Khushite Nation|Khush]] ''identified with'' Arabia. 
* [[Mitzraite Nation|Mitzraim]] ''identified with'' Egypt. 
* [[Putite Nation|Put]] ''identified with'' Marmarica (between Egypt and Cyrenaica). 
* [[Canaanite Nation|Canaan]] ''identified with'' Canaan. Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D

====The Sons of Khush and Ra'amah====
* [[Sevaite Nation|Seva]] ''identified with'' Syene (the frontier town of Egypt to the south).
* [[Chavilite Nation|Chavila]] ''identified with'' India (in Africa, south of Egypt).
* [[Savtahite Nation|Savtah]] ''identified with'' Lembrit? (to the south of Meroe").
* [[Savtekhaite Nation|Savtekha]] ''identified with'' Region on the eastern coast of Africa.
* [[Ra'amahite Nation|Ra'amah]] ''identified with'' Sudan (between Egypt and Ethiopia).
** [[Khushite-Shevaite Nation|Sheva]] ''identified with'' Mons Samaragdus (along the Red Sea).
** [[Dedanite Nation|Dedan]] ''identified with'' Mazaces (in Mauritania).

====='''Nimrod's''' Kingdom and His Foundations=====
* '''Erekh''' ''identified with'' Warka (on the left bank of the Euphrates; according to some sources, Charon in Media).
* '''Akkad''' ''identified with'' Cascara (on the Tigris; according to some sources, Nisibin).
* '''Khalneh''' ''identified with'' Nippur (unidentified by the Midrash; according to some sources, Ctesiphon).
* '''Rehovoth Ir''' ''identified with'' Probably a suburb of Nineveh.
* '''Khalach''' ''identified with'' Edessa.
* '''Resen''' ''identified with'' Ctesiphon.

====The Sons of Mitzraim====
* [[Mitzraite-Ludite Nation|Ludim]] ''identified with'' Nomos Neut.
* [['Anamite Nation|'Anamim]] ''identified with'' Mareot?.
* [[Lehavite Nation|Lehavim]] ''identified with'' Nomos in North Egypt.
* [[Naftuchite Nation|Naftuchim]] ''identified with'' Pentascoimen.
* [[Pathrusite Nation|Pathrusim]] ''identified with'' Unidentified.
* [[Kasluchite Nation|Kasluchim]] ''identified with'' Pentapolis (Cyrenaica).
* [[Kaftorite Nation|Kaftorim]] ''identified with'' Cappadocia.

==Modern Quasi-Scientific Attempts at designations==

Here are two reconstructions of the  traditional geographical location of the Biblical nations around the time of First Temple.

[[Image:noahidenations.gif|thumb|Noahide Nations around the time of First Temple]]

[[Image:noahidenations2.gif|thumb|Migration of Noahide Nations]]

===Japheth===
'''Japheth''', literally means "opened" or "expanded". '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C*'''. 

:[[Gomerite Nation|Gomer]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M217'''. The Cimmerian nation (Κιμμέριοι) that roamed from the Eurasian Steppes.

::[[Ashkenazite Nation|Ashkenaz]], Scythians of central Eurasia. Their noble name was adopted by the Germano-Celtic farmers (Scands & Scots) they ruled over.

::[[Rifathite Nation|Rifath]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-MP39''' Found in several indigenous peoples of North America, including some Na-Dené-, Algonquian-, or Siouan-speaking populations.

::[[Togarmahite Nation|Togarmah]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togarmah Turks from Tocharia] e.g. the Khazars, the Pechenegs, the Bulgars, the [[Alans]], the Kökturks, the Oghuz, the Oghurs/Onogurs, the Ragbi, the Zabuz, and Tiros father of Hayk & Kartlos, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parni proto-Persians].

:[[Magogite Nation|Magog]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-V20'''<ref name = "Scozzari2012">Scozzari R, Massaia A, D’Atanasio E, Myres NM, Perego UA, ''et al.'' (2012) Molecular Dissection of the Basal Clades in the Human Y Chromosome Phylogenetic Tree. ''PLoS ONE'' 7(11): e49170. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0049170</ref>. The nation that originally came from Georgia, a region between the Black and Caspian Seas south of the Caucasus Mountains. 

:[[Meshekhite Nation|Meshekh]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-P55''' New Guinea, Massagetae.

:[[Tuvalite Nation|Tubal]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M347''', Australia, not to be confused with the Tubal-Qenites.

:[[Tirasite Nation|Tiras]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M8''', Yonaguni, who established Yayoi by 300BC.

:[[Madaiite Nation|Madai]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M356''', not to be confused with the Medes of Mittanni.

:[[Yavanite Nation|Javan]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M38''', Java.

::[[Elishahite Nation|Elishah]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M38''', Paradisical Austronesian islands. 

::[[Tarshishite Nation|Tarshish]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M38''' eastern land where peacocks and apes abound.

::[[Dodanite Nation|Dodanim]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M38'''. An ancient nation who brought about the post-diluvian division among mankind. Not to be confused with the Dedanites of Jokshan.

::[[Kittite Nation|Kittim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup C-M38''' Cathay of the Far East, preserved through the centuries in the more familiar Chinese term, Cathay. The Cathay were Mongoloids and considered a part of early Chinese stock. It seems the remnants of the Kittim, after the destruction of their empire, traveled towards the east and settled among the Sinites, contributing to their civilization, and thus becoming the ancestors of many Asian people groups including the Khazar or Ashkenazim "Jews". Still others migrated throughout the region and beyond, making up the present-day Mongoloid races in Asia and the Americas. What the Chinese call "Hsiung-nu" However are the Y-Haplogroup N Turko-Mogul nomad tribes we know as "[[Huns]]".

===Ham===
'''[[Chamite Nation|Ham]]''', '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup DE*''', literally means "warm" or "passionate". Although Ham first established himself in Sumer, the land of Ham is Africa; more particularly Egypt (Psalms 78:51; 105:23; 106:22). His descendants, however, were first to leave the territory assigned them, emigrating from Asia to the Pacific. The Shemites were still in the area at the time of Abram. It is the Canaanites who were "spread abroad" or driven out and scattered (Genesis 10:18) in the days of Peleg and later "divided" by the Gentiles or Japhethites when God "enlarged" them (Genesis 9:27; 10:5, 25).

:[[Khushite Nation|Khush]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup DE*'''. Etymologically related to the Sanskrit word Krishna, both words meaning "dark/black". The earliest world empire mentioned in the Bible, as well as Sumerian and Hindu traditions which was replaced by the empire of Ashur. The Cushites drifted into Africa from the east, settling first in Shinar, thence south Arabia, southern Egypt, the Sudan and finally around Ethiopia.

::[[Sevaite Nation|Seva]], '''Y-Haplogroup E2*''' (سبأ) Nation that settled the west coast of the Arabian Peninsula, founding the nation of the Sabaeans, nowadays called Yemen.

::[[Savtahite Nation|Savtah]], '''Y-Haplogroup E2*''' Nation that settled on the east coast of southern Arabia.

::[[Savtekhaite Nation|Savtekha]], '''Y-Haplogroup E2*''' Nation that settled in Yemen.

::[[Chavilite Nation|Chavila]], '''Y-Haplogroup E2a''' Nation that settled on the eastern coast of northern Arabia near present-day Kuwait.

::[[Ra'amahite Nation|Ra'amah]], '''Y-Haplogroup E2b''' Nation that settled on the east coast of southern Arabia, possibly in present-day Oman.

:::[[Khushite-Shevaite Nation|Sheva]], Nation that settled north of Yemen in a fertile land known as the "Spice Kingdom" whence the queen brought oil of spikenard as a gift to king Solomon.

:::[[Dedanite Nation|Dedan]], Nation that settled in the United Arab Emirates in the Persian Gulf.

:[[Mitzraite Nation|Mitzraim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1b'''. Nation that settled in upper and lower Egypt in North Africa.

::[[Mitzraite-Ludite Nation|Ludim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1b1b1b'''. Nation that settled Lybia on the northern coast of Africa.

::[['Anamite Nation|'Anamim]], Nation that settled in the Nile Delta but as little is known of this tribe they may have been devastated by the Ethiopic War.

::[[Lehavite Nation|Lehavim]], Nation perhaps this tribe was destroyed in the Ethiopic War.

::[[Naftuchite Nation|Naftuchim]], Nation that settled in the Nile Delta and the western parts of Egypt. Early records refer to them as "they of the delta" or "marshland". Josephus says they were destroyed in the Ethiopic War.

::[[Pathrusite Nation|Pathrusim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1b1b1a''' Nation that settled Pathros in upper Egypt. They mixed with the Casluhim to produce [[Caphtorim]] and [[Philistines Nation|Palestinians]].

::[[Kasluchite Nation|Kasluchim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1b1b1''', They are the Colchihans of the Egyptian town Chemnis, Panoplis, Nation settled in northern Egypt. They mixed with the Pathrusim to produce [[Caphtorim]] and [[Philistines Nation|Palestinians]].

:::[[Philistines Nation|Philistim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1b1b1a'''. These are the [[Avvim]] who migrated to and occupied the lower part of the Mediterranean coast belonging to Canaan.

::[[Kaftorite Nation|Caphtorim]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E-M34'''. They also migrated to the lower part of the Mediterranean coast belonging to Shem and are the [[Philistines Nation|Palestinians]]. The Greco-Roman ancestors which they deified in their pantheons were mainly [[Caphtorim]]. They are also referred to by some ancient Egyptian Heiroglyphic inscriptions as the Shemau.

:[[Putite Nation|Put]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup E1a'''. Nation that settled [[Libya]] and are the Cyrenaeans and North Africans, possibly also connected to the Olmecs.

:[[Canaanite Nation|Canaan]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D''' once settled in the land of Canaan but has long since been wiped out in the west. The Hamitic origin of his name means, "belonging to the land of red purple" after the murex sea shells from which this dye was extracted. In Akkadian it meant "red-colored wool". The Greeks renamed them "[[phoenicians]]" from the Greek "Phoniki" which means dark red. The Romans transcribed the Greek "phoenix" to "poenus", thus calling the emigres to Carthage "punic". In Hebrew it means "merchant", or "trafficer" -- "to bend the knee", "humiliate", "bring down low", or "vanquish". Genesis 10:18 said, "the families of the Canaanites (would be scattered, vanquished, or) spread abroad".

Canaan '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D''' receives his first Biblical definition in the Table of Nations as the father of Sidon and Heth, of the Jebusites, Amorites, Girgasites, Hivites, Arkites, Sinites, Arvadites, Zemarites, and Hamathites. The five names following Sidon are familiar as the inhabitants of the "Promised Land" (Exodus 13:5). They occupied the area enclosed by the border of Genesis 10:19, running south from Sidon towards Gaza, through Gerar and across to the cities of the Dead Sea plain. No eastern limit is drawn. At the time of the conquest, the land as a whole was named Canaan (Numbers 35:10), a usage understandable in light of Canaan's place at the head of the peoples of Genesis 10:15-19.

A sizeable number of peoples generally classified as Mongoloid, who settled the Far East are descendants of the Canaanites, including some peoples of the Islands of the Southern Seas, some central Asians like the Tibetans and most of the Ainu. 

Those of the Canaanite nations which are *not* counted among the seventy are as follow. [[Chethite Nation|Cheth]], known to the Assyrians as the Khatti. Their name was perpetuated in the Hittite capital Hattushash; modern Boghazkoy in Turkey. Hattians in Cuneiform appears as Khittae, representing a once powerful nation. They were completely obliterated and are not counted among the 72 nations. [[Yevusite Nation|Yevusite]], Nation that settled around Jerusalem. They were completely obliterated and are not counted among the 72 nations. [[Amorite Nation|Amorite]], Nation that settled east of Canaan by the Dead Sea and the Jordan (Joshua 24:11). They were completely obliterated and are not counted among the 72 nations. They were to conquer Babylonia, subsequently producing one of the most famous kings in the ancient world, Hammui, whose own name contains the designation Amarru. God told Abraham, "Israel will return to Canaan when the iniquity of the Amorites is come to the full" (Exodus 15:16). [[Girgashite Nation|Girgashite]], Nation that lived east of the river Jordan and the Sea of Galilee. [[Chivite Nation|Chivite]], Nation that dwelt at the base of Mount Hermon in the Valleys of Lebanon, and at Shechem (Genesis 34:2; Joshua 9:7-17; 11:19). 

The sons of Canaan which are counted among the seventy are as follow.

::[[Sidonite Nation|Sidon]], '''Y-Haplogroup D1''' Nation that settled on the Mediterranean coast north of [[Tyre]].

::[['Arkite Nation|'Arkite]], '''Y-Haplogroup D3''' Nation that dwelt near Mount Lebanon.

::[[Arvadite Nation|Arvadite]], '''Y-Haplogroup D*''' Nation that settled on the Phoenician Island of Arad off the coast of Lebanon near Tripoli.

::[[Tzemarite Nation|Tzemarite]], '''Y-Haplogroup D*''' Nation that settled the coast adjacent to the Arvadites

::[[Chamathite Nation|Chamathite]], '''Y-Haplogroup D2''' Nation that settled in Hamath, the chief city of upper Syria on the Orontes river.

::[[Sinite Nation|Sinite]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D1''' Nation that dwelt on the coast, west of Mount Lebanon. Sinites are the progenitors of the Sinitic people.

"Sin", a cousin of Hattians, has many occurrences in variant forms in the Far East and '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D'''. The place most closely associated by the Chinese themselves with the origin of their civilization is the capital of Shensi, namely, Siang-fu or "Father Sin", on the Wei, a tributory of the Yellow River, near important gold and jade mines. 

Moreover, those who came from the Far East to trade with the Scythians were called Sinae (Sin). Ptolemy, a Greek astronomer, referred to China as the land of Sinim or Sin. Reference to the Sinim in Isaiah 49:12 notes they came "from afar," Arabs called China Sin, Chin, Mahachin, or Machin. The Sin were spoken of as a people in the remotest parts of Asia. Their most important town was Thin, a great trading emporium in western China. This city is now known as Thsin or simply Tin, and it lies in the province of Shensi. The Sin became independent in Western China, their princes reigning there for some 650 years before they finally gained dominion over the whole land. In the third century B.C., the dynasty of Tsin became supreme. In 217 B.C., Prince Cheng, founder of the Ch'in Dynasty (from which the name "China" is taken) unified China and took the title of Shih Hwang-ti (First Emperor). Shih Hwang-ti built much of the Great Wall of China, and a network of roads and canals that converged on his capitol, near modern Sian, in Shensi province. It is known that his people who gave their name to China actually came from Tibet. After the end of his dynasty his people were exiled from China not back to where they came from but to the ancient islands of Japan a legend now backed up by genetic science which has discovered Human Y-chromosomal Haplogroup D present not only in Tibet but also in northern Japan. After the attacks of King Saul the Benjaminite, the Amorite origin Gibeonites who became the Nethinim also migrated to Tibet (where the Hindus called them "untouchables") to be with their cousins bringing the vestiges of Israelite religion to the Sinites, which is evidenced in the composition of certain Chinese pictograms as well as some holidays on the Chinese calendar, the Shinto concept of Kami and other practices preserved by Shinto priests.

Sinites are not to be confused with the [[Kittite Nation|Cathay]] people of historical reference.

===Shem===
'''[[Shemite Nation|Shemite]]''', literally means "renown". '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup F*'''. Islamic sources have always referred to Iran as the original land of Shem. His descendants have been prominent in the middle east from time immemorial but have since spread throughout the world.

:[['Elamite Nation|'Elam]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup H'''. The nation that settled a province east of Babylon and northeast of the lower Tigris and just north of Persia. The Elamite language has been genetically related to that of the Dravidians.

:[[Asshurite Nation|Asshur]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup G''', is the same name as Asher. The nation that is ancestor to the Adiabene Assyrians or Northern Iraquis.

:[[Ludite Nation|Lud]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup I'''. The nation that is the ancestor of the Lydians who settled in Asia Minor and spoke an Indo-European language.

:[[Aramite Nation|Aram]] '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup J'''. The nation that became the Aramaeans or Syrians and Lebanese. The origianl Arabs (it is still maintained), are those Semitic Arabs descended from Aram; whilst the Hamitic Arabs (whose languages Aram mostly adopted) are referred to somewhat derogatorily as Musta 'rabs, that is, pretended Arabs.

::[[Utzite Nation|Utz]], Nation that settled in Northern Arabia, between Babylonia and Edom

:[[Arpakhshadite Nation|Arpakhshad]], '''Y-chromosomal Haplogroup K'''. The nation that was the ancestor of the Chaldeans of Southern Iraq, Hebrews, Arabians, Amorites, and the Moabites/Jordanians.

::[[Everite Nation|Ever]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_L_(Y-DNA) Y-chromosomal Haplogroup L], means "emigrants" or "to vanish to the region beyond". Eber is the father of the Hebrews.

:::[[Pelegite Nation|Peleg]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_MNOPS_(Y-DNA) Y-chromosomal Haplogroup MNOPS] comes from the root word "palag", which means (literally or figuratively) "division" or to split. He was the fifth generation after the Flood when the earth was divided by tongues.

:::[[Yoqtan Nation|Yoqtan]], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_T_(Y-DNA) Y-chromosomal Haplogroup T] 

::::[[Almodadite Nation|Almodad]], Nation whose settlement cannot be precisely determined, perhaps Yemen.

::::[[Shevaite Nation|Sheva]], Nation that became a Yemeni tribe of Arabs.

::::[[Chatzarmavethite Nation|Chatzarmaveth]], Nation on south-east Arabia.

::::[[Yerachite Nation|Yerach]], Nation on south-east Arabian coast.

::::[[Hadoramite Nation|Hadoram]], Nation in southern Arabia.

::::[[Uzalite Nation|Uzal]], Nation that dwelt in Yemen.

::::[[Diqlahite Nation|Diqlah]], Nation on that settled in the north-eastern extremity of the Arabian peninsula.

::::[[Ovalite Nation|Oval]], Nation that became a Yemeni tribe.

::::[[Avimaelite Nation|Avimael]], Nation that became a Yemeni tribe.

::::[[Shevaite Nation|Sheva]], Nation that became a Yemeni tribe.

::::[[Ofirite Nation|Ofir]], Nation on the coast of south-west Arabia.

::::[[Chavilahite Nation|Chavilah]], Nation on the eastern shore of the gulf of Aquaba.

::::[[Yovavite Nation|Yovav]], Nation close by present-day Mecca.

==Conclusion==

There have been many attempts to trace the traditional biblical nations to modern day ethnic groups some of which have been proven by genetic science while others are clearly in contradiction with the evidence. Nevertheless, as we will see further in Jewish literature, the "seventy nations" are archetypes for distinct approaches to understanding, sometimes called "seventy paths" to G-d.  That being said, we must not lose sight of the connection to region, land, peoplehood, ethnicity and nationality for the purposes of determining legal jurisdiction.