'''Tachkastan''' (also known as '''Tashik''' in Tang Chinese and '''Tayyaye''' in Syriac '''Tayy''' in Arabic Tazigan/Tashih/Tachk/Tajik) was at first primarily a '''Quasi-Manichean [[Hanif Tsabi|Persian Christian]] Erev Rav''' state of Erev Rav in the Iraqi desert which gained independence under the leadership of a [[Messianic Noahite ]] faction at the battle of Dhi Qar in 622 (the year of the Arabs) and grew into the Umayyad Caliphateby the end of the 7th century CE. Its capital was in the province of [[Orientalis ]] otherwise known as Al-Jazizah, Iraq between the Persian and Roman Empires. Sebeos tells us that it was to this desert-state that the [[Jews of Edessa]] were sent by Heraclius soon after his victory over Khosrau II in 628. In Tachkastan the exiled Edessan Jews were welcomed by certain Edomean-Ishmaelite believers in Judaism who they Jews were unable to rally to their cause until a new leader reose rose to power in 634.
Many Edomeans and Ishmaelites had been converted into Jews and Sadducees from Hasmonean times (under John Hyrcanus and John Alexander) as well as under the Himyarite Kingdom where they adopted the Judeo-Arabic term MHMD for the Mem Tet (Messiah ben Joseph) of the Mahamadim described in the Shiur Qomah.
The first known independent Rulers over Tachkastan's [[Quasi-Manichean Noahite Erev Rav]] included:
:622 [[Hanzalah|The Nabi Rosh AlNabi al-Ma'amedHanzlah ibn Abi Qabisa]] appointed by Hani ibn Qabisa at the Battle of Dhi Qar :c.630 The Himyarite Jew [[Muthana ibn Haris |Abu Bakr]] who ruled the [[Quasi-Manichean Noahites]] in Hiraand made alliance with Edessa's Jews.:c.633 [[Emir Ambrus]] annexed Hanzalahibn Abi Qabisa's western provinces in 633. Conquered Patriarchates of Jerusalem, Antioch and Alexandria. Died in 644.
:c.644 [[Emir of Tashik]] 12yrs. Conquered Mediterranean. d.656
Tachkastan was consumed by 36 years of Fitna until 692 when Abdul Malik ibn Marwan killed [[Abdallah ibn Al-Zubayir]] and turned it into the Umyyad Caliphate.
According to a concordant synthesis of passages of the [[Arab-Byzantine Chronicle]] and the [[Diary of Egeria]], the original "[[Makah]]" was located somewhere around [https://answersingenesis.org/tower-of-babel/where-in-the-world-is-the-tower-of-babel/ בקעה בארץ שנער] where Rome, Persia and Chaldea met indicating that Chaldea was to (or in) the North or South of Tachkastan. בקעה בארץ שנער is where Amraphel and future Abraham lived before future Abraham moved to Harran.
The '''Quasi-Manichean Erev Rav''' or ''' Atzigan ''' included groups like the Paulicians and Mechitzedekians and Elkhasaites. They belonged to the kingdom of Al-Nuʿmān III ibn al-Mundhir (Arabic: النعمان بن المنذر) then of Iyas ibn Qabisa before most of them gained independence from Iyas at the Battle of Dhi Qar under the rule of the Ishmaelite-Sadducees.
=c.602=
The Monoenergist Churches begin to unite into the Oriental Orthodox Church in response to the new political situation.
=617 The 1st Hijra as Khosrou Betrays Israelites=The first Hijra is when Khosrow II betrayed the Israelites. Nehemiah's [[Ma'amad]] or "Council of the Righteous" who garrisoned themselves in Edessa having been evicted from the Holy Land by the Sassanians who prevent them and their Toshavim from access to Jerusalem.
At the same time, [[Gabriel ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi]] and his Zera Israel Ishmaelite converts to Noahism as well as Hani ibn Qabisa and Hanzalah ibn Abi Qabisa escape to Tachkastan having been ousted from Al-Hira by the Qoraish of Azadbeh. ==618 Bostanai==
Immediately following the conquest of Egypt is earliest likely year for Khosrow II's persecution of Exilarchate. It is known that the last Parsig Emperor Khosrow II tried to exterminate the heirs to the Exilarchy in Pumbedita. According to Jewish sources, in his last year, Khosrow II also hunted down and exterminated the Exilarch Gabirol and the remaining sons of David at this time leaving only the young pregnant mother of Bostanai alive. Bostanai may have been identical with Hanina ben Adoi.
==Numismatics)==As if to add insult to injury, Khosrow then proclaimed himself God of Gods! He strips all religious symbolism off of his coins leaving only his own image. This greatly upsets not only Jews but also Christians and traditional Zoroastrians and many other citizens of Persia both Parthians and Persiks (e.g. Salman of Pars) alike. ==Eliezer ben Qalir==
A Byzantine Romaniote Jewish Hakham called Eliezer ben Kalir begins to write Piyyutim inspired by the Himyarite MHMD (the Messiah ben Joseph). Some of this is preserved in what eventually becomes the Islamic Quran.
===Numismatics)===Khosrow proclaimed himself God of Gods and strips all religious symbolism off of his coins leaving only his own image. This greatly upsets Nehemiah's Ma'amad in Jerusalem and many other citizens of Persia both Parthians and Persiks (e.g. Salman of Pars) alike. ===619 Irruption of the Saracens===
The Alexandrian St. John the Almsgiver (609 or 619) had taken a "letter from Arsas with his own hand, and was only prevented by the irruption of the Saracens (619) from using it to obtain the deposition of Sergius".(New Advent)
This refers may either refer to the conquest of the Holy Land and Egypt by Khosrow II's forcesor to the refugee crisis caused by Khosrow II's betrayal of Nehemiah's army.
==The Caspian Gates==
Against Church advise, Ajami Heraclius orders the Gates of Caucasian Albania be opened to bring about the end of Persia.
==Unite in Religion (Monoenergism/Sebeos/SIN)==
Numan may have made an pact with Heraclius to overthrow Khosrow being granted a stash of weapons and an Imperial Basalt Stele recognition of independence. But when Nu'man discovered he is on Khosrow's hitlist he put the armoury under the command of the now 20 year old Abu Turab (Hani ibn Qabisa) instead.
===Unite in Religion (Monoenergism/Sebeos/SIN)===
Like Phocas and Khosrow before him, Heraclius too issues his decree from on high that all the Christians of his empire should unite in religion.
The case of the believers was settled.
The Standard Islamic Narrative indicates that Heraclius interviews interviewed Abu Sufyan of Quraysh Qoraish concerning the Banu Qabisa of Tachkastan. Quraysh so the Qoraish decide to submit to the Banu Qabisa of Tachkastan and the Standard Islamic Narrative indicates that Heraclius orders the Ghassanids to submit to the [[Quasi-Manichean Noahites]] as well. The Standard Islamic Narrative says that Heraclius himself was actually convinced at first but would eventually change his mind due to pressure from his Nobles.===Qurayza===[[Gabriel ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi]] raised Muameth into to Mahmoudan status and so that he can join his [[mamed]] as a Mahmoud and so that Abu Turab could marry Muameth's daughter Fatima in Al-Hira.
Muameth Ismaili helps Although the Qurayza Standard Islamic Narrative says that Heraclius himself was actually convinced at first, it goes on to conquer the Sassanians hoping say that he has the influence to raise an army of [[Hagarim]] in Tachkastan for them to take the Arabah.At the same time, [[Gabriel ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi]] and would eventually change his Zera Israel Ishmaelite converts mind due to Judeo-Baptism and Hani ibn Qabisha (or perhaps ibn Abu Kabsha?) seek refuge with the Qurayza having been ousted pressure from Al-Hira by Azadbehhis Nobles.
=Dhū-Qār 622=
Hani led Tachkastan's Erev Rav to finally get "equitable revenge" against the Persians in 622 on the Day of Dhū-Qār just north of Al-Hira (traditionally a few months after the battle of Badr. He Hani ibn Qabisa appointed Hanzalah ibn Abi Qabisa as Ma'amed during the Battle.
Allied in 628 with [[Kavadh II]]
Allied with [[Shapur-i Shahrvaraz]] briefly before [[Hormizd of Nisibis|Hormizd VI]] took over later in the same year dying in 632.
After Hanzalah ibn Abi Qabisa died, Hani's Shayban supported the [[Quasi-Manichean Noahites]] of Muthana ibn Haris as the new Abu Bakr in Al-Hira.
But then they all had to pay tribute to the Mihranids until the Mihranids had to surrender Al-Hira over to Ambrus/Khalid ibn al-Walid in 633.
Honorius I becomes Pope on the 27th of October.
Ali Did [[Gabriel ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi]] raise Muameth to Mahmoudan status so that he can join his [[mamed]] as a Mahmoud and so that Abu Turab could marry Muameth's daughter Fatima to the south of Hira? Hani ibn Qabisa marries Fatimathe daughter of his relative the Nabi Rosh al-Ma'amed Hanzlah ibn Abi Qabisa.
=626 Yathrib=
The Battle of the Trench in [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yathrib,_Iraq Yathrib] to protect TazigstanTachkastan from Azadbeh's Qoraish.
=627 Massacre of Qurayza Qoraiza (Qaraite?) Judases (SIN)=According to the Standard Islamic Narrative all male Qurayza Jewish allies of Quraysh Qoraiza Judases allied to Qoraish are killed.
This is probably when Heraclius evicts the Qurayza from Edessa promising them the Desert (interpreted by the Qurayza as [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-arabah Arabah] around the Khabur valley in Tachkastan). Rayhana Bint Zayd of the Qurayza Qoraiza Judases becomes a slave.
=628=
It seems first that the Maronite Ghassanid Church entered into full communion with Heraclius at this time.
This is probably when Heraclius evicts the Jews from Edessa promising them the Desert (interpreted by the Jews as [https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/the-arabah Arabah] around the Khabur valley in Tachkastan). Muameth the Ismaili agrees to help the Jews against the Sassanians in the Holy Land hoping that he has the influence to raise an army of [[Hagarim]] in Tachkastan for them to take the Arabah.
=629 Battle of Mu-tah (SIN)=
Arabs take [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Karak Al-Karak]
Last remnant of Zoroastrian [[QurayshQoraish]] surrender Makah to Mehmet Ismaili. Makah is located on the Khabur River Valley according to the [http://www.aymennjawad.org/23129/the-byzantine-arabic-chronicle-full-translation Continuatio Byzantia Arabica] interpreted by the diary of Egeria.
Heraclius and his allies defeat Quraysh Qoraish and enter Jerusalem on March 21 with the "True Cross".
=632 Rise of the Bakr (SIN)=
=633 Khalid conquers Al-Hira (SIN)=
The [[Bakr Proto-Karaites]] of Al-Hira appeal to another Sadducee's [[QurayshQoraish]] for help. Khalid's Quraysh Qoraish conquer Al-Hira.
=634 Tayyaye d'MHMT (Thomas the Presbyter)=
=636 Heraclius defeated (Fredgar)=
Yazdegard betrayed Heraclius by surrendering to QurayshQoraish. Under the QurayshQoraish, a marriage is arranged between Prince Shahriyar's daughter Shahrbonu and the Mithraic Arab Ali's son Husseyn putting him in line for the Persian Throne.
Quraysh Qoraish proceeded to take the Holy Land under the Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq until Umar came to power.
=637 Sophronius surrenders Jerusalem (Georgian Church History)=
The Quraysh Qoraish leader Umar takes advice from Alazeena Haadu and builds a Masjin on the Temple Mount.
Later the first Historical Emir seems impressed and curious concerning Miaphysitism.
=638 Heraclius capitulates (Ecthesis/SIN)=
Heraclius surrenders Syria and submits to Nasrani-Monothelitism with the Ecthesis, stating that despite alleged miraculous origins, Ieso had only one human will exhibited when he said "not my will but thy will be done" being clearly distinct from G-d's will. This view is compatible with Judaism and accurately reflects the standard position in Quraysh Qoraish Islam.
The Ecthesis essentially commands the Ghassanids to submit to the QurayshQoraish.
=641 Constans (Byzantine Records)=
=MHMD Coin=
=644 Uthman (SIN)=
After the death of Umar in November 644 the Quraysh Qoraish are ruled by a Quraysh Qoraish convert to the Judeo-Baptist Gnostic Faith called Uthman. Uthman wanted to stop the spread of Judeo-Baptist Gnostic material in other languages and tried to include ideas from the Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq. He also tried to win support from Pope Martin of Gaza. But his attempts were ultimately unsuccessful. Yazdegard III attempted an unsuccessful uprising against Uthman before fleeing with his Nestorian sons to Central Asia where he was given a Christian burial.
Umayyads were Bani Israel [https://www.jstor.org/stable/545578?seq=1]
=648 Typos Offends (Numismatics/Church History)=
Typos of Constans replaces Ecthesis. The Typos of Constans was issued to suppress discussion over Nasrani-Monothelitism. It is opposed by Quraysh Qoraish as well as by Pope Martin of Gaza.
Quraysh Qoraish refuse to put Constans on their Drahmas.
=651 Persian Imamate Portrait of Mithraic Arab Ali=
The Byzantines arrest Pope Martin accusing him of providing the Quraysh Qoraish a 'Tomus' concerning "what they should believe" and sentence him to death. Pope Martin.
Pope Martin did not instruct Uthman nor any other Quraysh Qoraish concerning what they should believe concerning Ieso as Messiah because Muawiya does not have any such ideas later. But it may be that there was some kind of communique between Martin and the Mithraic Arab Alids concerning whatever they had that became Quranic materials. Otherwise, where did the Byzantines get this idea from?
The available evidence does not fit the SIN that Uthman played any significant role in standardising the Quraysh Qoraish Quran. In contradiction to the Quran, the Emir before Uthman did not know Ieso as Messiah and Muawiya after Uthman did not know Ieso as Messiah. If Uthman believed in the miraculously born Messiah Ieso of the Quran, then his belief must have been only a generally unknown personal one which appears did not make any impact on the Umayyads until about 30 years later.
However, the charges brought against Martin show that Christian-like Quranic materials in use among the [[Quasi-Manichean Noahites]] were obviously known to the Byzantines at this time but if tolerated were clearly not an Umayyad approved belief (let alone promoted) until about 30 years later during the reign of Abdul Malik.
=655 Battle of Masts (A J Deus)=
United Quraysh Qoraish conquer the Mediterranean following Maximus the confessor's journey to Rome.
After they finished their conquests, their Caliphate consisted of 7 provinces:
*Levant
Ali becomes Caliph except over Syria where Muawiya has seceded.
Uthman appointed Ali his successor when he died but the [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]] tried to prevent Ali's Ulu l-Amr from becoming Persia's rulers. Although Ulu l-Amr was not overthrown, western Quraysh Qoraish under Muawiya seceded Syria from the Empire.
Quraysh Qoraish and the [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]] allies go to war against the Alids in the Battle of the Camel. Ali defeats [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]] conquering Iraq but the Quraysh Qoraish retain an independent kingdom in Syria.
=659=
"If you wish, he said, to preserve your life in safety, abandon that vain cult which you learned from childhood. Deny that Jesus and turn to the great God whom I worship, the God of our father Abraham. Dismiss from your presence the multitude of your troops to their respective lands. And I shall make you a great prince in your regions and send prefects to your cities. I shall make an inventory of the treasures and order them to be divided into four parts: three for me, and one for you. I shall provide you with as many soldiers as you may wish, and take tribute from you, as much as you are able to give. But if you do not, that Jesus whom you call Christ, since he was unable to save himself from the Jews, how can he save you from my hands?"
The language reminds of the Emir's reluctance to hear mention of Jesus as Christ when he asked John of the Sedre to translate the New Testament. But unlike the Emir who did not want mention of the crucifixion, it does not hint of Jesus being saved from death at all and in fact lacks any kind of respect towards Jesus. While the Emir could be a Ger because he does not seem to be aware of two different Jesuses, the words of Muawiya are much more similar to the sort of thing modern Karaites might say who recognize the difference between Jesus and the Karaite [[Plony Yeshu HaNotzri Ben Stada]]. Were it not for the fact that the Quraysh Qoraish had built a shrine on the temple mount, one might easily have come to the conclusion that (with the possible exception of Uthman) the Quraysh Qoraish were still pagans until Abdul Malik.
This also contradicts with the idea that Quraysh Qoraish were Monothelites rather than completely non-Christian. It looks more like they simply had a treaty with Monothelites rather than with other Christians. How is it then that Monothelitism (one human will) became the standard Islamic doctrine?
If the first historical Emir did not consider Ieso to be Messiah and then the third (Muawiya) didn't either, it is rather inconceivable that the standard narrative concerning the Quraysh Qoraish Quran collection could be true. Muawiya had either never heard what Uthman's Quran says or he was an apostate from Uthman's religion who warred against the Mithraic Arab Alids.
In conclusion it is safe to say that the Quranic materials were not held by the first historical Emir's daughter (Hafsa) nor assembled into the Quraysh Qoraish Quran by any caliph after him before Muawiya.
The only conclusion is that the Quranic materials were only popular in the area of the Mithraic Arab Alids into whose religion Abdul Malik almost converted but also incorporated his Maronites' Nasrani-Monothelite Christology.
Death of Ali
Ali was followed by Husseyn which is when the Quraysh Qoraish saw their opportunity and had Husseyn killed to established themselves on the throne instead. That lead to a civil war. Muawiya won but agreed that Husseyn would be his successor as king of the Arabs.
=660s Rise of Muawiya (Numismatics)=
=680 Ibn Al-Zubayir (Numismatics)=
[[Image:BanuBakr.jpg|thumb|left|Ibn Al-Zubair]]
Muawiya dies. Muawiya's son like the rest of the Quraysh Qoraish did not honour the acknowledgment of Husseyn as Caliph and have Husseyn killed leaving the Mithraic Arab Alids almost extinct.
Muawiya's capitulation to Byzantium and the murder of Hussein lead to the rebellion of most of the Empire under the [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]] led by ibn Al-Zubayr as Persian Emperor.
While the [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]]'s Caliph ibn Al-Zubayir opposes QurayshQoraish, John Maron is sent to clean up the Maronite heresy of Nasrani-Monothelitism among the Umayyads.
.
=692 Iconoclasm (Numismatics)=
Western Quraysh Qoraish (Umayyad) Abdul Malik crushes the [[Bakr Proto-Karaites of Iraq]] killing Ibn Al-Zubayir and his mother Asma.
The Quinisext Council of Trullo causes Abdul Malik to adopt Iconoclasm so as not to be accused of being one who tramples the cross as all Christians did before this year. It opens a schism again between Byzantium on one side against the Roman Papacy and the Maronite Patriarchate of Antioch together on the other side.
=749 John of Damascus Passes away=
=750 Eastern [[QurayshQoraish]] (SIN)=Eastern Quraysh Qoraish (Abbasids) take control as the Abbasids.
The Umayyads Retreat.
The Abbasids did their best to eradicate any Umayyad legacy. Unwelcome by the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solomon_(exilarch) Abbasid Exilarch Solomon eldest son of the exilarch Ḥasdai I], many proto-Karaite Umayyads attempted to preserve themselves from the Abbasid wrath in a plethora of odd sects (Sadducees, Boethusians, Ananites, Isunians, Yudghanites, ‘Ukabarites, Mishawites, Magarites, etc.). Since the Judeo-Islamic Umayyads and their Mahamad continued to rule in Cordoba, Spain for a while before capitulating to the Abbasids, perhaps early Spanish copies of the Quran might expose differences between the Umayyad Qurans and the Abbasid Qurans.
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