The first view holds that Jews are no longer chosen based on ethnicity, but that God sent is working to reconcile sinful people irrespective of Jews and Gentiles.
The second and more common form of supersessionism does not on its own terms theorize a replacement. Instead it argues that unbelieving Israel has been superseded only in the sense that the church or ''Ummah'' has been entrusted with the fulfillment of the promises of which Israel has been the trustee. The Jews have been and are forever the chosen trustee of the [[covenant (biblical)|covenants]], the [[Torah|Law]], and the promises of blessing and salvation, and the lineage of the Messiah, and yet many of the Jews have rejected Jesus as the Messiah. On the other hand, the church receives the promised Messiah faithful are defined not on the basis of ethnicity but through faith in identity of the Christ or final Prophet, and thus consists of any Jews and any Gentiles who profess that faith.
This belief has served as the explanation for why Christians need not adhere to some laws that are seen as only for the people of God before Christ (for instance, [[circumcision]] and adherence to the Jewish dietary laws, which were addressed at the [[Council of Jerusalem]]), and it is also the rationale for urging the conversion of Jews to Christianity.
