In 632 the Quraysh were under the control of the Banu Bakr but in 633 they were all conquered by Khalid. In 635 the Quraysh made an alliance with Heraclius, but betrayed him in 636 when they made an alliance with the House of Hashem by arranging the marriage between Prince Shahriyar's daughter Shahrbonu and Ali's son Husseyn. Together with their Arab allies, the Sassan-Achamenid Quraysh set out to take the Holy land once more.
The Association of Sassan-Achaemenid Nobles spoke its own Arameanized dialect of Arabic called Intelligible Arabic (as opposed to the unintelligible Arabicof the Arabs) which Gabriel's Quranic materials would soon be translated by Uthman. While the names Ieso and Yahia are from Persian Gnosticism, the use of the word darāhima (12:20:4 ድራክማ in Amharic Դրախմա in Armenian) in the Quraysh dialect is of Byzantine origin from the word Drahma indicating that the Arabian Quraysh were people of Gnostic beliefs but who nevertheless did not live in an area that was used to using Dinars. They were certainly not Romans as they pointed out that the Romans had been defeated but since the currency was anyway the Drahma instead of the Dinar they understood that Sassanian control in their area was weak and expected that within 10 years the Romans in turn would be victorious. '''The Gnostic authors were operating in a 'down but not out' Byzantine economic sphere.''' The fact that the Sassanian-Persians are not mentioned in the final Quran is also worth deep consideration.
The union established the agreement that Ali would become Persia's King of Kings after the death of Yazdegard followed by Hassan, but Muawiya had them killed and established himself on the throne instead leading to a civil war whereby it was settled that Husseyn would succeed him as king of the Arabs. However, Muawiya's son did not honour the arrangement and had Husseyn killed leading to the rebellion of the Bakr tribe under the leadership of ibn Al-Zubayr.
Abdul-Malik crushed ibn Al-Zubayir and developed his religion as a sort of reformed more strictly monotheistic and iconoclastic form of Zoroastrian repost against the most problematic elements of [[Gnostic Christianity]].
