Noahide law differs radically from the Roman law for gentiles (''Jus Gentium''), if only because the latter was an enforceable judicial policy. Rabbinic Judaism has never adjudicated any cases under Noahide law (per Novak, 1983:28ff.), although scholars disagree about whether the Noahide law is a functional part of [[Halakha]] (cf. Bleich).
==Modern Usage==
In recent years, ''Noahide'' has come to refer to non-Jews who strive to live in accord with the seven Noahide Laws; the terms "observant Noahide" or "Torah-centered Noahides" would be more precise but are infrequently used. The [[rainbow]], referring to the Noahide or First Covenant (Genesis 9), is the symbol of many organized Noahide groups. A non-Jewish person of any ethnicity or religion is referred to as a ''bat'' "daughter" or ''ben'' "son" of Noah, but most organizations that call themselves בני נח are composed of gentiles who are keeping the Noahide Laws.
According to the [[Tanach]], '''B’nei Noah''' literally the children of [[Noah]]<ref> Just as the term "Children of Israel" not only represents a people (in the case of the Children of Noah the entire World) it also means that those identified with this term hold to a common ideology. The term "B'nei Noah", therefore, represents not only physical descendants of Noah but also "spiritual" descendants.</ref> are descendants of [[Noah]] the only survivor of the flood that destroyed all of humanity. Noah’s children [[Shem]], [[Ham]], and [[Japheth]] along with their wives and Noah’s wife [[Naamah]] also survived the flood aboard the ark. Once the survivors were able to leave the ark for dry ground they began to start new families and rebuild the earth. The story of [[Noah]] culminates in the promise of God to [[Noah]] that he would never again destroy the world through a flood. The sign of this promise was the [[rainbow]]<ref>Among the Jewish people and B'nei Noah this rainbow is a sign of the Noachide covenant. Man's part of this covenant is to obey the seven universal laws given to Noah by God. For more information on the Noahide Covenant see: [[http://www.highcouncilofbneinoah.com/resources/Articles/A_Brief_Introduction_to_the_Noahide_Covenant.aspx "A Brief Introduction to the Noahide Covenant"]]</ref>
==The Laws of Adam==
Along with the promise of new life God reestablished the six laws originally given to [[Adam]]<ref> See Hilchot Melachim</ref> in the garden (prohibition against [[idolatry]],<ref> The prohibition against idolatry is more complex than it may first appear. For a fuller examination of the complexities regarding idolatry see[[http://www.noahidenations.com/content/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=164&Itemid=38 Idolatry]] and
[[http://www.highcouncilofbneinoah.com/resources/Articles/Idol_Chatter.aspx Idol Chatter]]</ref> blasphemy, theft, murder, illicit sex and the command to establish courts of justice) and added a new law, the prohibition of eating the limb of a living animal.
==Universal Obligation==
Because these laws were given to the new first family of humanity all human beings are obligated to fulfill them. These laws are discussed throughout the [[Talmud]] most notably in [[Sanhedrin 56a]]. The Medieval sage [[Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon]] (the [[Rambam]]) collected all of the decisions in the [[Talmud]] and [[halachic]] decisions in his time and laid them out clearly so that everyone would know their obligations. The [[Rambam]] called this great work the [[Mishnah Torah]].
Not only were the Jewish Laws recorded with their explanations in the [[Mishnah Torah]], but the [[Noachide Laws]] were also collected with their explanation in the [[Rambam]]’s great work in [[Sefer Shoftim]] in the last book [[Hilchot Melachim U’Milchamot]].
==The Great Renewal==
Over the last two thousand years since the expulsion of the Jewish people from the land of Israel adherents to the [[Noachide laws]] have been sparse if non-existent. Due to the heavy persecution of the Jews, people those not born into the protection of a Jewish community, often chose to convert rather than simply observe the [[Noachide Laws]].
With the regathering of the [[Jewish]] people to their land it has been possible for people to once again observe the [[Noachide Laws]]. Today a modern movement of adherents of the [[Noachide law]] exists; calling themselves [[B'nei Noah]] or [[Noahides]] in honor of [[Noah]] their ancestor who received these laws from God.
Although relatively a new movement [[B’nei Noah]] has already made serious strides in developing their emerging community. Although a new movement Noachides recognize the impact of the Noahide Laws on America. Not only has this impact been recognized by Noahides but even former Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Bush officially recognized the roots of American government in the Noahide Laws.<ref>[[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c102:H.J.RES.104.ENR: Public Law 102-14, H.J. Res 104]]</ref>Recently a [[High Council of B’nei Noah]] was formed by the nascent [[Sanhedrin]] to aid in the development of the laws and the community.
==Three categories of Noahides==
There are those who point out these differences in treatment and wish to demonstrate that Judaism is anti-gentile. Quite the opposite. Judaism is one of the few religions that recognizes that even those outside its faith can be saved and allows them into its community. Righteous gentiles have a place in the world to come and can choose to join Jewish society if they wish. If they decline this invitation then they are given the full respect that these righteous people deserve.
==Modern Usage==
In recent years, ''Noahide'' has come to refer to non-Jews who strive to live in accord with the seven Noahide Laws; the terms "observant Noahide" or "Torah-centered Noahides" would be more precise but are infrequently used. The [[rainbow]], referring to the Noahide or First Covenant (Genesis 9), is the symbol of many organized Noahide groups. A non-Jewish person of any ethnicity or religion is referred to as a ''bat'' "daughter" or ''ben'' "son" of Noah, but most organizations that call themselves בני נח are composed of gentiles who are keeping the Noahide Laws.
According to the [[Tanach]], '''B’nei Noah''' literally the children of [[Noah]]<ref> Just as the term "Children of Israel" not only represents a people (in the case of the Children of Noah the entire World) it also means that those identified with this term hold to a common ideology. The term "B'nei Noah", therefore, represents not only physical descendants of Noah but also "spiritual" descendants.</ref> are descendants of [[Noah]] the only survivor of the flood that destroyed all of humanity. Noah’s children [[Shem]], [[Ham]], and [[Japheth]] along with their wives and Noah’s wife [[Naamah]] also survived the flood aboard the ark. Once the survivors were able to leave the ark for dry ground they began to start new families and rebuild the earth. The story of [[Noah]] culminates in the promise of God to [[Noah]] that he would never again destroy the world through a flood. The sign of this promise was the [[rainbow]]<ref>Among the Jewish people and B'nei Noah this rainbow is a sign of the Noachide covenant. Man's part of this covenant is to obey the seven universal laws given to Noah by God. For more information on the Noahide Covenant see: [[http://www.highcouncilofbneinoah.com/resources/Articles/A_Brief_Introduction_to_the_Noahide_Covenant.aspx "A Brief Introduction to the Noahide Covenant"]]</ref>
==The Laws of Adam==
Along with the promise of new life God reestablished the six laws originally given to [[Adam]]<ref> See Hilchot Melachim</ref> in the garden (prohibition against [[idolatry]],<ref> The prohibition against idolatry is more complex than it may first appear. For a fuller examination of the complexities regarding idolatry see[[http://www.noahidenations.com/content/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=164&Itemid=38 Idolatry]] and
[[http://www.highcouncilofbneinoah.com/resources/Articles/Idol_Chatter.aspx Idol Chatter]]</ref> blasphemy, theft, murder, illicit sex and the command to establish courts of justice) and added a new law, the prohibition of eating the limb of a living animal.
==Universal Obligation==
Because these laws were given to the new first family of humanity all human beings are obligated to fulfill them. These laws are discussed throughout the [[Talmud]] most notably in [[Sanhedrin 56a]]. The Medieval sage [[Rabbi Moshe Ben Maimon]] (the [[Rambam]]) collected all of the decisions in the [[Talmud]] and [[halachic]] decisions in his time and laid them out clearly so that everyone would know their obligations. The [[Rambam]] called this great work the [[Mishnah Torah]].
Not only were the Jewish Laws recorded with their explanations in the [[Mishnah Torah]], but the [[Noachide Laws]] were also collected with their explanation in the [[Rambam]]’s great work in [[Sefer Shoftim]] in the last book [[Hilchot Melachim U’Milchamot]].
==The Great Renewal==
Over the last two thousand years since the expulsion of the Jewish people from the land of Israel adherents to the [[Noachide laws]] have been sparse if non-existent. Due to the heavy persecution of the Jews, people those not born into the protection of a Jewish community, often chose to convert rather than simply observe the [[Noachide Laws]].
With the regathering of the [[Jewish]] people to their land it has been possible for people to once again observe the [[Noachide Laws]]. Today a modern movement of adherents of the [[Noachide law]] exists; calling themselves [[B'nei Noah]] or [[Noahides]] in honor of [[Noah]] their ancestor who received these laws from God.
Although relatively a new movement [[B’nei Noah]] has already made serious strides in developing their emerging community. Although a new movement Noachides recognize the impact of the Noahide Laws on America. Not only has this impact been recognized by Noahides but even former Presidents Ronald Reagan and George Bush officially recognized the roots of American government in the Noahide Laws.<ref>[[http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/z?c102:H.J.RES.104.ENR: Public Law 102-14, H.J. Res 104]]</ref>Recently a [[High Council of B’nei Noah]] was formed by the nascent [[Sanhedrin]] to aid in the development of the laws and the community.
==See Also==
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