Let me explain. For the [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Exclusive Position|exclusivist]], one's own community, tradition, and encounter with G-d is the one and only exclusive truth; all other claims on encountering G-d are a priori false. Judaism is the sole path to G-d; those who are not Jews are at best bystanders in the Divine scheme, and at worst antagonists. This view can be found in some Talmudic texts and in many later commentators. Some renowned authorities in this category are: Rabbi [[Shlomo ben Yitzhak]] (Rashi), some readings of [[Maimonides]], Rabbi [[Yehudah ben Betzalel Loewe]] (Maharal), Rabbi [[Zevi Yehudah Kook]], Rabbi [[Isaac Luria]], Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Schneersohn]].

For the exclusivist, the other religions are simply false. There is no broader, outside world whose claims need to be harmonized and addressed; there is only the realm of the “other side.” While this position may be at odds with ethical (and therefore universal) sensitivities, it plays a powerful sociological role for groups who feel embattled and threatened by the majority culture.

===Inclusivist===

For the [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]], other religions are explained by his own religion. All humanity is beloved by G-d and chosen from amongst all creation. As Zephaniah has prophecied, the nations will in messianic times all call upon G-d. The distinction between Israel and the nations is the presence – or absence – of the Sinai revelation. All have the image of G-d, but the Sinai experience is only for Jews. He acknowledges a world outside his own, but relies on his own worldview to make it comprehensible and give it meaning. He speaks the language of his own theology, and uses its vocabulary to describe outsiders. Some renowned authorities in this category are: Rabbi [[Yehudah Halevi]], some readings of [[Maimonides]], Rabbi [[Yosef Gikkitila]], Rabbi [[Ovadiah Seforno]], Rabbi [[Yaakov Emden]], Rabbi [[Samson Raphael Hirsch]], and Rabbi [[Abraham Isaac Kook]].

In this, he differs from the pluralist, who will address others in their own language. The pluralist can be criticized for trying ~~stepping~~ to step outside his own religious language rather than pushing its boundaries, but can be admired for naming others in their own terms.

===Universalist/Pluralist===

The [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Universalism/Pluralistic Position|pluralist]] accepts that truth is not in the possession of any one tradition, understanding religion as a way of approaching, rather than defining and naming, G-d. He accepts his limitations in understanding the wider world and believes G-d is present and active within the world. Some renowned authorities in this category are: Rabbi [[Yosef Gikkitila]], some readings of [[Maimonides]], Rabbi [[Nathaniel ibn Fayumi]], Rabbi [[Jonathan Sacks]], Rabbi [[Samson Raphael Hirsch]], Rabbi [[Henry Pereira Mendes]], Rabbi [[Israel Lipschutz]], Rabbi [[Elijah Benamozegh]], Rabbi [[Nachman of Breslov]] and Rabbi [[Adin Steinsaltz]].

===Irrelevantist===

=="Category" tags used in Wikinoah==

Here is a brief overview of these approaches (listed Achronologically): ===Rambam=== :''Main article [[:Category:Rambam Approach|Rambam Approach]]''[[Image:Rambam.png|right]]Conservative and described as "harsh" approach, decreeing capital punishment for the smallest crimes. Assumes that current religions are false, but part of the process of preparing mankind for the truth. Maimonides' writings are embedded within a more theologically contradictory halakhic grid. Maimonides' complex position is sometimes interprested as [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Exclusive Position|exclusivist]], [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]] or [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Universalism/Pluralistic Position|pluralist]], centered on historical-~~Z by last name~~mission. ===Tosafists===[[Image:Rashiwoodcut.jpg|right]]:''Main article [[:Category:Tosafists Approach|Tosafists Approach]]''Liberal approach based on what its opponents have accused as being compromises for commercial and social reasons. Assumes that current religions are distorted Bnei Noach faiths. They postulate that certain early Christian leaders (such as Peter):were trying to teach Noahidism. This approach is [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]] & hierarchical and assumes that there are many Noahide faiths. This category includes the teachings of Rabbi [[Judah ben Samuel of Regensburg]], [[Rabbeinu Tam]], the [[Mahzor Vitri]] and more recently Rabbi [[Judah David Eisenstein]].

===Rabbi Benamozegh===

[[Image:Benamozegh.png|right]]

:''Main article [[:Category:Benamozegh Approach|Rabbi Benamozegh's Approach]]''

~~[[Image:Benamozegh.png|right]]~~

Liberal approach based in part on teachings rooted in Jewish mysticism. Assumes that current religions are distorted Bnei Noach faiths. This approach is [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Universalism/Pluralistic Position|pluralist]] & collective and assumes that there are many Noahide faiths. This category includes the teachings of Rabbi [[Elijah Benamozegh]] and Rabbi [[Nachman of Breslov]] on Noahides.

===Rabbi Soloveitchik===

:''Main article [[:Category:Soloveitchik Approach|Rabbi Soloveitchik's Approach]]''

Conservative and isolationist approach. Held by the majority of halachic Jews today. Generally a "live and let live" approach. While denying that either Christianity or Islam qualifies as a noahide faith, it does not require them to change their faith. This approach is irrelevantist and avoids the question as to the nature of the Noahide faith.

===Chabad===

:''Main article [[:Category:Chabad Approach|Chabad Approach]]''

[[Image:Chabad.png|right]]

Conservative approach based in part on teachings rooted in Jewish mysticismbut mostly on the [[Rambam]]. Assumes that current religions are false and obstacles to the emergence of a true noahide faith. Based on the teachings of the [[Arizal]] (who counts 72 nations) and Rambam, exile is a manifestation of the cosmic reality of breakage and evil. The nations are not merely the non-Jews or anti-Israel; they are the same stuff as the evil at the beginning of creation. This leads to the notion that non-Jews have no souls, although this has been modified by the teachings of Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Schneersohn]]. This approach is [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Exclusive Position|exclusivist]] & metaphysical and assumes that there is only one Noahide faith. This category includes the teachings of Rabbi [[Menachem Mendel Schneersohn]] as well as any other exclusivists quoted by Chabad based Noahide groups.

===Oath Brit===

:''Main article [[:Category:Oath Brit Approach|Oath Brit Approach]]''

An innovative approach to the Noahide laws. Liberal approach based in part on a reading of the prophets and some Jewish mysticism, but mostly on the teachings of Rabbi [[Moshe Kerr]]. This approach is [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]] & Historical-Mission and assumes that there is only one Noahide faith and attempts to define that faith in terms of traditions, customs and practice.

~~===Rambam===~~

~~:''Main article [[:Category:Rambam Approach|Rambam Approach]]''~~

~~[[Image:Rambam.png|right]]~~

Conservative and described as "harsh" approach, decreeing capital punishment for the smallest crimes. Assumes that current religions are false, but part of the process of preparing mankind for the truth. Maimonides' writings are embedded within a more theologically contradictory halakhic grid. Maimonides' complex position is sometimes interprested as [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Exclusive Position|exclusivist]], [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]] or [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Universalism/Pluralistic Position|pluralist]], centered on historical-mission.

~~===Rabbi Soloveitchik===~~

~~:''Main article [[:Category:Soloveitchik Approach|Rabbi Soloveitchik's Approach]]''~~

~~===Tosafists===~~

~~[[Image:Rashiwoodcut.jpg|right]]~~

~~:''Main article [[:Category:Tosafists Approach|Tosafists Approach]]''~~

Liberal approach based on what its opponents have accused as being compromises for synical commercial and social reasons. The [[Petrine]] perspective exists within the Tosafist approach. Assumes that current religions are distorted Bnei Noach faiths. This approach is [[Judaism_and_Other_Religions#Inclusive Position|inclusivist]] & hierarchical and assumes that there are many Noahide faiths.

==See also==

[[Category:Soloveitchik Approach]]

[[Category:Tosafists Approach]]

==References==

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