Islam originated from the fusion of two competing religions once present among the Ishmaelites. One of the religions was Sabian-Saracen Hanifism (Paulician) and the other was Ishmaelite-Judaic Hagarism (Paulian-Tondraki). The standard narrative makes the Arabs Lords over the Mawlāʾī. However, in this thesis it is proposed that the Mawlāʾī were a competing non-Arab proto-Muslim group whose Monophysite religious materials were eventually redacted under the rise of Arabic hegemony to form parts of the Quran. Salmon the Persian was a significant leader of the Mawlāʾī. It is suggested that the Mawlāʾī may have been the original Lords over the Arabs but their story was changed to fit with the new hegemony.