The founders of the Petrine tradition were a Torah literal Beth Shammai Zadokite priesthood but longed longing for a sign from heaven to validate the stance of Beth Hillel and who rivaled the Sadduccee pseudo-Zadokite priesthood. Petrines believe the life and teachings of Jesse ben Marym (whom they regard as a messiah) was the sign which nullified the legality of the 18 ordinances of the house of Shammai (Yerushalmi Berakhot, 1:7).