=صابئینمؤمنون=Non-Jewish Believers who have been granted residence in '''חסידי אומות העולם''' Pious ones of the Kingdomnations, i. They are the e. Godfearers. Compare with [[Tzadikei Umos HaOlam]] and [[Brith NoahitesChochmei Umos HaOlam]].
''Chasidei Umos HaOlam'' is the Hebrew term used by Maimonides in the Laws of Kings 8:They say La ilaha il allah11. It is generally translated as "Righteous Gentile".:They read Pslams 5 times a dayare the "Observant Noahites". :They prostrate facing The term indicates non-Jews who have taken upon themselves the equatorobservance of [[Noahide Law]], and do this ''because it was revealed through [[Moshe Rabbenu]]'' as explained by Jewish tradition.:They Fast for 30 days According to Maimonides, Chasidei Umos HaOlam are assured a portion in the Tenth month world to commemorate come. This is something that is not assured for the Fast of Adam.:They ''[[Chochmei Umos HaOlam]]'' who observe all of the laws of the Ger Toshav given in the Torah[[Noahide Law]], but do it for their own rational reasons.
Maimonides calls them '''צדיקי אומות העולם''' meaning '''Righteous of When the Nations'''. They are kingdom is established, the Chasidei Umos HOlam will become [[Chasidei Tzadikei Umos HaOlam]] who have taken an oath in front of a recognised beth deen and been granted official residence status/honorary citizenship in the Land of Israel because of their outstanding righteousness among the nations of the world. Only a Tzadik umot ha Olam is an official Ger Toshav. According to Maimonides, the Official Ger Toshav can only exist when the Jubilee law is in place. Messianists disagree with Maimonides.
'''Ger toshav''' (pl. ''geirei toshav'', [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]]: גר תושב, The Arabic: صبغت الله, Greek: Θεοσεβεια), according sources refer to [[Judaism]] and the [[Torah]], is a [[gentile]] who is a "resident alien," that is, one who lives in the [[Land of Israel]] under certain protections of the system, and is considered a righteous gentilethem as מו֞מן.
==Kinds of Ger Toshav==*Irena Adamowicz*Gino Bartali*Jeanne Brousse*Archbishop Damaskinos*Odoardo Focherini*Francis FoleyThere are two kinds *Helen of Ger Toshav. A formal one is a gentile who has made certain legal statements in a [[Beth Din]] (Jewish rabbinical court). There are three opinions ([[Avodah Zarah]] 64b) as to what those statements promise:<ref>Against this is quoted: ‘Who is a ger toshav? Any [gentile] who takes upon himself in the presence of three chaverim not to worship idols. Such is the statement of R. Meir; but the Sages declare: Any [gentile] who takes upon himself the sheva mitzvot which the sons of Noach undertook; Greece and still others maintain: These do not come within the category Denmark*Princess Alice of ager toshav; but who is a ger toshav? A proselyte [גר ger, i.e. non-Jew] who eats of animals not ritually slaughtered (nevelos). In other words, he took upon himself to observe all the precepts mentioned in the Torah apart from the prohibition of [eating the flesh of] animals not ritually slaughtered (nevelos). We may leave such a man alone with wine [i.e., he is not considered an idolater].”Battenberg</ref>*Marianne Golz#To abstain from [[idolatry|idolatrous]] practices.*Paul Grüninger#To uphold the seven [[Noahide Laws]].*Jane Haining#To uphold all the [[613 Mitzvot]], except for the eating of non*Feng-[[Kosher]] meat.Shan HoThe definition used by all authorities is the second. In all cases, the statement is a formal sign that the gentile is on a righteous path, and as such, they must by law receive certain legal protections and special charity/financial aid from the community.*Wilm Hosenfeld*Constantin KaradjaThe second kind of Ger Toshav is an informal one, namely someone who has not sworn anything to a Beth Din (Avodah Zarah 65a). In this case, they are not formally entitled to financial aid by law, but the attitude of a religious Jew to someone who has forgone idolatry is supposed to be much more welcoming (from the perspective of Jewish law) than to someone who has not. Furthermore, the restrictions that pertain to an idolater (in terms of business and doing things that might be aiding idol worship) are forgone.*Jan Karski*Derviš KorkutThe procedure has been discontinued since the destruction of the [[Temple in Jerusalem]], and hence, there are no formal ''gerei toshav'' extant today (although it can be argued that a great deal are "informal" ones). Nevertheless, Judaism warmly encourages non-Jews to adhere to the Noahide Laws, and some groups, notably [[Chabad Lubavitch]], have set up classes and networks for gentiles who commit themselves to this legal system. In that sense, it is possible to be a "Jewish gentile".*Valdemar Langlet*Carl Lutz==Maimonides says not applicable today==*Aristides de Sousa Mendes*Tadeusz PankiewiczMaimonides held that a Ger Toshav (Resident Alien) is a legal category of "Noahide" (i.e. a Righteous Gentile) which is not applicable during the times of Jewish exile. *Giorgio Perlasca*Nurija Pozderac:"One who accepts these [basic laws] is called: Ger Toshav in every place. It is necessary to receive him in front of three Torah Scholars." (Melachim 8:10) *Marion Pritchard*Roland de Puryand again: *Ángel Sanz Briz*Oskar Schindler:"And if he accepted upon himself the seven mitzvos, then he is a ger toshav, but we do not accept gerei toshav except when the Jubilee is observed, but when there is no Jubilee we accept only righteous." (Avodah Zara 10:6)*Anton Schmid*Irena SendlerMaimonides held that the Ger Toshav status is only applicable during a time when the 12 Jewish Tribes are ingathered and settled in their Biblically assigned territories. (In such times, the Yovel, or "Jubilee," years are able to be observed by the Jews - see Lev. 25:8-13.) Under these conditions, which will not return until the Messianic Redemption, by Torah Law a Gentile will be allowed to settle as a resident in the Holy Land if he/she appears before a Jewish court (Beis Din) and takes an oath before them that he or she will observe the Seven Noahide Laws with proper intent and faith. The court then grants this Gentile the visa status of "Ger Toshav," which includes certain additional legal privileges.*Klymentiy Sheptytsky*Ona ŠimaitėSince the time that the 10 northern Tribes of ancient Israel were exiled and lost, before the destruction of the First Temple, the Yovel years have not been able to be observed, and it is not applicable to have the Ger Toshav status. It will only be possible to again observe the Yovel years and grant the Ger Toshav status after the Messiah comes and brings the True and Complete Redemption, speedily in our days. This will be when the Messiah gathers all the Jews back to Israel, including the Ten Lost Tribes, and identifies the Tribe which each Jew belongs to. Then each Jewish Tribe will reside in the region assigned to it by G-d, as these regions are described in the Torah (see Num. 34:1-15, Deut. 33:22-23, 34:1-4).<ref>This section is partly based on the Chabad based [http://www.asknoah.org/HTML%5Cq&a_general.html AskNoah.org]</ref>*Henryk Sławik*Tina Strobos==See also==*Chiune SugiharaSee also:*Betsie ten Boom*[[Hagarim]]/[[Proselyte]]Casper ten Boom*[[Ger Tzedek]]Corrie ten Boom*[[Noahide Laws]]Johan van Hulst*Raimondo Viale*Raoul WallenbergPlease read through [[God-Fearers_and_the_Identity_of_the_Sabians]] for more information.*Johan Hendrik Weidner*Rudolf Weigl==References==*Jan Zwartendijk<references/>*Leopold Socha [[Category:Islam's Origins]]*Franciszka Halamajowa
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