Religious pluralism - Revision history

פטר חמור: /* Religious pluralism in Europe */

2023-04-20T05:12:03Z

‎Religious pluralism in Europe

פטר חמור: /* Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views */

2007-08-22T11:12:47Z

‎Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views

WikSysop: added link

2007-04-05T07:58:53Z

added link

פטר חמור: /* Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views */

2007-04-02T10:40:06Z

‎Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views

HaNoahide at 16:30, 13 March 2007

2007-03-13T16:30:00Z

WikSysop at 15:34, 5 July 2006

2006-07-05T15:34:22Z

WikSysop at 15:33, 5 July 2006

2006-07-05T15:33:09Z

WikSysop at 15:32, 5 July 2006

2006-07-05T15:32:40Z

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WikSysop at 15:30, 5 July 2006

2006-07-05T15:30:29Z

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 There was, though, a problem with people whose religion excluded the veneration of other gods - especially the Jews and the Christians. The Romans tended to view this as rebellion, and so it resulted in many conflicts arising from often unintended offenses, like putting a statue of an emperor in a prominent place in Jerusalem which resulted in a public revolt. Similarly difficult to understand for the Roman mindset was the attitude of Christians who rather chose torture or death instead of offering a little incense to the Roman emperor. From the Roman view, the refusal to venerate the Roman emperor was political treason.
-The edict of Milan which decreed tolerance of Christianity was followed by a time of parallel existence of Christianity and paganism which was, though, far from an actual religious pluralism - the religion of the emperor was always at an advantage, and the Arianism|Arian, Trinity|trinitarian and pagan emperors in the fourth century saw it as perfectly legitimate to take measures against religious leaders who did not share their belief.  By the fifth century, the western Roman Empire had crumbled, but the same patterns of behavior continued in the Gaul, Celtic, and Germanic kingdoms that replaced it.
+The edict of Milan which decreed tolerance of Christianity was followed by a time of parallel existence of Christianity and paganism which was, though, far from an actual religious pluralism - the religion of the emperor was always at an advantage, and the [[Arian]] and pagan emperors in the fourth century saw it as perfectly legitimate to take measures against religious leaders who did not share their belief.  By the fifth century, the western Roman Empire had crumbled, but the same patterns of behavior continued in the Gaul, Celtic, and Germanic kingdoms that replaced it.
 ====Medieval times in Europe====

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 ====Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views====
-Many Fundamentalist Protestant Christian (FPC) groups hold that only fundamentalist Protestant beliefs provide a pathway to God and salvation. All other Christian groups are held to be heretical, and are sometimes attacked as Satanic hence the Petrine Cross has likewise become promoted by FPC groups as Satanic. Neo-evangelicalism|Neo-evangelical Protestant Christian Churches reject this view outright, and hold that most forms of Christianity are valid pathways to God. They continue to believe in "one" church, but see the Church as being generally invisible and intangible. Many Protestants doubt that either Roman Catholicism or Eastern Orthodoxy are still valid manifestations of the Church.
+Many Fundamentalist Protestant Christian (FPC) groups hold that only fundamentalist Protestant beliefs provide a pathway to God and salvation. All other Christian groups are held to be heretical, and are sometimes attacked as Satanic hence the [http://sebomenoi.org/index.php/Petrine Petrine] Cross has likewise become promoted by FPC groups as Satanic. Neo-evangelicalism|Neo-evangelical Protestant Christian Churches reject this view outright, and hold that most forms of Christianity are valid pathways to God. They continue to believe in "one" church, but see the Church as being generally invisible and intangible. Many Protestants doubt that either Roman Catholicism or Eastern Orthodoxy are still valid manifestations of the Church.
 Modern Christian ideas on intra-religious pluralism (between different denominations of Christianity) are discussed in the article on Ecumenism.

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 Writing for the Church of Greece|Greek Orthodox Archbishop of America|Archdiocese of America, Rev. Protopresbyter George C. Papademetriou has written a summary of classical Christian and Greek Orthodox Christian views on the subject of the salvation of non-Christians. In his paper ''An Orthodox Christian View of Non-Christian Religions'' writes:
-:In our times. Professor John N. Karmiris, University of Athens, based on his studies of the Church Fathers, concludes that the salvation of non-Christians, non-Orthodox and heretics depends on the all-good, allwise and all-powerful God, who acts in the Church but also through other "ways." God's saving grace is also channelled outside the Church. It cannot be assumed that salvation is denied non-Christians living in true piety and according to natural law by the God who "is love" (1 John 4:8), In his justice and mercy God will judge them worthy even though they are outside the true Church. This position is shared by many Orthodox who agree that God's salvation extends to all who live according to His "image" and "participate in the Logos." The Holy Spirit acted through the prophets of the Old Testament and in the nations. Salvation is also open outside the Church.
+:In our times. Professor John N. Karmiris, University of Athens, based on his studies of the Church Fathers, concludes that the salvation of non-Christians, non-Orthodox and heretics depends on the all-good, allwise and all-powerful God, who acts in the Church but also through other "ways." God's saving grace is also channelled outside the Church. It cannot be assumed that salvation is denied non-Christians living in true piety and according to [[natural law]] by the God who "is love" (1 John 4:8), In his justice and mercy God will judge them worthy even though they are outside the true Church. This position is shared by many Orthodox who agree that God's salvation extends to all who live according to His "image" and "participate in the Logos." The Holy Spirit acted through the prophets of the Old Testament and in the nations. Salvation is also open outside the Church.
 As is common in many other faiths, the question of salvation for those outside of Orthodox Christianity is understandably secondary to what the Church expects of its own adherents. As St. Theophan the Recluse put the matter: "You ask, will the heterodox be saved... Why do you worry about them? They have a Saviour Who desires the salvation of every human being. He will take care of them. You and I should not be burdened with such a concern. Study yourself and your own sins... I will tell you one thing, however: should you, being Orthodox and possessing the Truth in its fullness, betray Orthodoxy, and enter a different faith, you will lose your soul forever."

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 ====Modern (post-Enlightenment era) Christian views====
-Many fundamentalist Protestant Christian groups hold that only fundamentalist Protestant beliefs provide a pathway to God and salvation. All other Christian groups are held to be heretical, and are sometimes attacked as Satanic. Neo-evangelicalism|Neo-evangelical Protestant Christian Churches reject this view outright, and hold that most forms of Christianity are valid pathways to God. They continue to believe in "one" church, but see the Church as being generally invisible and intangible. Many Protestants doubt that either Roman Catholicism or Eastern Orthodoxy are still valid manifestations of the Church.
+Many Fundamentalist Protestant Christian (FPC) groups hold that only fundamentalist Protestant beliefs provide a pathway to God and salvation. All other Christian groups are held to be heretical, and are sometimes attacked as Satanic hence the Petrine Cross has likewise become promoted by FPC groups as Satanic. Neo-evangelicalism|Neo-evangelical Protestant Christian Churches reject this view outright, and hold that most forms of Christianity are valid pathways to God. They continue to believe in "one" church, but see the Church as being generally invisible and intangible. Many Protestants doubt that either Roman Catholicism or Eastern Orthodoxy are still valid manifestations of the Church.
 Modern Christian ideas on intra-religious pluralism (between different denominations of Christianity) are discussed in the article on Ecumenism.

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 In recent years there has been much to note in the way of reconciliation between some Christian groups and the Jewish people. Many modern day Christians, including many Catholics and some liberal Protestants, have developed a view of the New Testament as an extended covenant; They believe that Jews are still in a valid relationship with God, and that Jews can avoid damnation and earn a heavenly reward. For these Christians, the New Testament extended God's original covenant to cover non-Jews. The article Christian-Jewish reconciliation deals with this issue in detail.
-Many smaller Christian groups in the US and Canada have come into being over the last 40 years, such as "Christians for Israel". Their website says that they exist in order to "expand Christian-Jewish dialogue in the broadest sense in order to improve the relationship between Christians and Jews, but also between Church and Synagogue, emphasizing Christian repentance, the purging of anti-Jewish attitudes and the false 'Replacement' theology rampant throughout Christian teachings."
+Many smaller Christian groups in the US and Canada have come into being over the last 40 years, such as "Christians for Israel". Their website says that they exist in order to "expand Christian-Jewish dialogue in the broadest sense in order to improve the relationship between Christians and Jews, but also between Church and Synagogue, emphasizing Christian repentance, the purging of anti-Jewish attitudes and the false '[[Replacement theology]]' rampant throughout Christian teachings."
 A number of large Christian groups, including the Catholic Church and several large Protestant churches, have publicly declared that they will no longer proselytize Jews.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:34, 5 July 2006
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−	Noahide teachings are not a form of [[~~relgious~~ pluralism]], but rather a form of [[religious diversity]]. The following information is included for reference only.	+	Noahide teachings are not a form of [[religious pluralism]], but rather a form of [[religious diversity]]. The following information is included for reference only.

	'''Religious pluralism''' (rel. comparative religion) is a loosely defined term concerning peaceful relations between different religions, and is also used in a number of related ways:		'''Religious pluralism''' (rel. comparative religion) is a loosely defined term concerning peaceful relations between different religions, and is also used in a number of related ways:

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:33, 5 July 2006
Line 1:		Line 1:
−	Noahide teachings are not a form of relgious pluralism, but rather a form of religious diversity. The following information is included for reference only.	+	Noahide teachings are not a form of [[relgious pluralism]], but rather a form of [[religious diversity]]. The following information is included for reference only.

	'''Religious pluralism''' (rel. comparative religion) is a loosely defined term concerning peaceful relations between different religions, and is also used in a number of related ways:		'''Religious pluralism''' (rel. comparative religion) is a loosely defined term concerning peaceful relations between different religions, and is also used in a number of related ways: